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| Trainee Doctors Need More Sleep And Supervision, US Report |
| A new report from medical and scientific experts recommends among other things that trainee doctors' hours and workload in the US be reduced and their supervision be increased because they make too many fatigue-related medical mistakes and they need a better learning environment. |
| Modelling The Effectiveness And Risks Of Vaccination Strategies To Control Classical Swine Fever Epidemics |
| In a recent update of the Dutch contingency plan for controlling outbreaks of Classical Swine Fever emergency vaccination is preferred to large-scale preemptive culling. Our modelling study evaluates the implications of this policy change. We find that vaccination in a ring of 2-km radius around a detected infection source is as effective as ring culling in a 1-km radius. |
| Estimating Antiviral Effectiveness Against Pandemic Influenza Using Household Data |
| Antiviral drugs play a central role in current plans for managing an influenza pandemic. However, their ability to reduce symptoms and infectivity in cases, and to reduce susceptibility of individuals given antivirals prophylactically must be confirmed for the pandemic virus strain. |
| Exploring The Early Origins Of The Synapse By Comparative Genomics |
| One aspect of evolution that often puzzles the non-scientist is how current knowledge can explain the origin of complex structures. The thinking goes that a particular biological feature, such as the human eye, functions as a complete unit and a partial eye would not work. But new information about the genomes of many organisms has clarified how complex structures can evolve from simpler ones. |
| Evolution And Evolvability |
| Evolutionary biologists are increasingly interested in the "evolvability" of populations and their traits. This opinion piece examines different interpretations that have been put on the idea of evolvability, which differ in the timescales over which the concept is applied. For some, evolvability characterises the potential for future adaptive mutation and evolution. |
| PharmaEngine Receives Approval Of US IND Application For A Phase II Study Of PEP02 (Liposome Irinotecan Injection) In Pancreatic Cancer |
| PharmaEngine, Inc. announced today that it has received approval of an Investigational New Drug (IND) application from the U.S. FDA for PEP02, a liposome formulation of irinotecan in a phase II study in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. |
| Some Progress But Government Has Missed Opportunities In Queen's Speech, British Medical Asociation |
| Measures to tackle smoking-related illness outlined in today's (Wednesday 3 December, 2008) Queen's Speech are positive but lack detail, the BMA says. |
| Genetic Compatibility And Hatching Success In The Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon Marinus). Is There A Better Half? |
| It often assumed that the quality of a potential mate in terms of how their genes affect their offspring quality is a fixed feature of each individual. However, it is becoming increasingly apparent that this is not always the case, and that mates may vary in compatibility more than in quality. |
| Latent Inhibition Of Predator Recognition By Embryonic Amphibians |
| It is crucial for prey to be able to learn to discriminate between predators and non-predators. While this task can be challenging and dangerous for prey animals, it appears that amphibian embryos have found a way to get a head start on their homework. |
| Revisiting The Cognitive Buffer Hypothesis For The Evolution Of Large Brains |
| When it comes to the brain, the popular view is that bigger is better. But why should a large brain facilitate the survival of animals in the wild? A popular answer is that a large brain buffers individuals against environmental challenges by facilitating the construction of behavioural responses, a theory known as the cognitive buffer hypothesis. |
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